粉尘处理-布袋除尘器配脉充仪用起来更方便。脉冲除尘器是当含尘气体由进风口进入除尘器，首先碰到进出风口中间的斜板及挡板，气流便转向流入灰斗，同时气流速度放慢，由于惯性作用，使气体中粗颗粒粉尘直接流入灰斗。起预收尘的作用，进入灰斗的气流随后折而向上通过内部装有金属骨架的滤袋粉尘被捕集在滤袋的外表面，净化后的气体进入滤袋室上部清洁室，汇集到出风口排出，含尘气体通过滤袋净化的过程中，随着时间的增加而积附在滤袋上的粉尘越来越多，增加滤袋阻力，致使处理风量逐渐减少，为正常工作，要控制阻力在一定范围内（140--170毫米水柱），一旦超过范围必须对滤袋进行清灰，清灰时由脉冲控制仪顺序触发各控制阀开启脉冲阀，气包内的压缩空气由喷吹管各孔经文氏管喷射到各相应的滤袋内，滤袋瞬间急剧膨胀，使积附在滤袋表面的粉尘脱落，滤袋恢复初始状态。清下粉尘落入灰斗，经排灰系统排出机体。由此使积附在滤袋上的粉尘周期地脉冲喷吹清灰，使净化气体正常通过，保证除尘系统运行。
布袋除尘器在使用中的问题分析：
(1)反吹清灰的控制模式
反吹清灰的频率与强弱是影响布袋除尘器寿命的主要因素之一。由于电站锅炉负荷和燃煤煤质波动均较大，造成其烟气量及烟气含尘浓度均有较大的波动，因而在设计反吹清灰的控制模式时，要根据除尘器上下室(净气室和袋室)的压差尽量多设定几种反吹清灰模式，以适应燃煤锅炉工况的变化，延长除尘器的使用寿命。
(2)灰斗堵灰
由于布袋除尘器采用水冲式排灰，即落入灰斗的灰通过电动锁气器排入冲灰水箱后由地沟排走。
在冬季会出现在锅炉刚启用后或长时间停运重新投运布袋除尘器时灰斗堵灰的问题。分析得知，这是由于灰斗结露和电动锁气器封闭不严引起的。冬季室外温度较低，除尘器启动后，热烟气进入灰斗会在冰冷的灰斗壁结露，而此处又属烟气滞流区，不能被
烟气快速加热，使得落入灰斗的灰粘在灰斗壁造成堵灰；同时电动锁气器封闭不严会使冲灰水箱内的“水气”被吸入灰斗，在灰斗下灰口处凝结也容易造成堵灰。另外，灰斗加热装置功率小、安装位置不合理也是造成灰斗堵灰的原因。因此，在灰斗的设计中要在充分考虑当地的气温和排灰形式的基础上核算灰斗加热装置的功率和安装位置，在布袋启动控制中要加入灰斗预热程序；同时，要选用安全可靠、封闭性能较好的锁气器，并加强灰斗的保温。
(3)布袋除尘器冒烟的处理办法
布袋除尘器如果冒烟或者是冒灰的话，都属于严重的损坏了，应该及时进行处理。一般来说冒烟的原因有两种，一个是由于除尘布袋破损导致布袋除尘器上下吊扣不严密，花板和花板之间连接不严密。另一种是瞬间的冒烟，遇到这种情况的话其实就是除尘布袋的破损但是情况不散很严重。效率显著提高如果除尘布袋破损严重的话，那么要对除尘布袋进行更换。先停止布袋除尘器的工作，然后将清灰控制器关闭，打开入孔门，将除尘布袋进行拆卸。在安装新的除尘布袋的时候，先将花板空上的粉尘清干净。
(4)反吹清灰系统的故障
反吹清灰系统的故障主要有：反吹电磁阀不动作、压缩空气管路积水和回转机构卡涩。反吹电磁脉冲阀本身的质量问题是造成其不动作的主要原因；另外，反吹压缩空气的质量(主要是含水、含尘)和供电电源的稳定性都会影响电磁阀的正常工作。冬季北方室外温度较低，布置在户外的压缩空气管路容易积水或结冰，因此，在设计户外压缩空气管路时要设计放水点和保温措施，特别寒冷的地区需增加伴热。由于回转机构有一部分在高温烟气中运行，另一部分在环境温度下运行，两部分之间的温差较大，容易引起变形卡涩，因此，在设计中要充分考虑温度因素。
Dust disposal - cloth bag filter with pulse filling instrumentis more convenient to use. Pulse dust collector is when thedust-containing gas enters the dust collector from the air inlet,first touches the inclined plate and baffle in the middle of theair inlet and outlet, the air flow will turn to flow into the ashhopper, at the same time, the air velocity slows down, due toinertia, so that coarse particles in the gas directly into the ashhopper. As a pre-dust collector, the air flow into the ash hopperis then folded upwards through a filter bag with a metal skeletoninside, and the dust is trapped on the outer surface of the filterbag. The purified gas enters the upper cleaning room of the filterbag chamber, and is collected and discharged to the outlet. Thedust-containing gas accumulates in the process of purificationthrough the filter bag with the increase of time. More and moredust on the filter bag, increase the resistance of the filter bag,resulting in a gradual reduction of air handling, for normal work,to control the resistance within a certain range (140-170mm watercolumn), once beyond the range must be carried out on the filterbag ash, ash removal by the pulse controller triggered the se control valves open pulse valve, the pressure in the air bag.Shrinkage air is injected into the corresponding filter bags byVenturi tube through the holes of the injection tube. The filterbags expand rapidly instantaneously, which makes the dustaccumulated on the surface of the filter bags fall off and thefilter bags return to their original state. The dust falls into theash hopper and is discharged through the ash disposal system. Thusthe dust accumulated on the filter bag is periodically Pulsativelyinjected to clear the dust, so that the purified gas passes throughnormally and the operation of the dust removal system isguaranteed.
Analysis of problems in the use of bag filter
(1) control mode of reverse blowing and ash cleaning
The frequency and strength of reverse blowing and ash cleaningare one of the main factors that affect the life of bag filter.Because the load of utility boiler and coal fluctuategreatly, the flue gas volume and dust concentration fluctuategreatly. Therefore, several back-blown dust cleaning modes shouldbe set up according to the pressure difference between the upperand lower chambers of the dust collector (the clean gas chamber andthe bag chamber) in order to adapt to the change of coal-firedboiler working conditions. The service life of the dust collectoris prolonged.
(2) ash fouling
Because the bag dust collector uses water flushing to dischargeash, that is, the ash falling into the ash hopper is dischargedinto the ash flushing water tank through an electric air lock andthen discharged from the trench.
In winter, the ash bucket blocking problem will occur when theboiler is just started or after a long period of shutdown andre-commissioning bag filter. The analysis shows that this is due tothe ash hopper condensation and the lack of strict electric lock.Winter outdoor temperature is low, after the dust collector starts,hot smoke into the ash hopper will condensate in the cold wall ofthe ash hopper, and here is a stagnant zone of flue gas, can notbe.
The rapid heating of flue gas makes the ash falling into the ashhopper stick to the wall of the ash hopper and causes ash blockage;at the same time, if the electric gas lock is not tightly sealed,the "water gas" in the ash flushing tank will be sucked into theash hopper, and the ash trap will be easily blocked by condensationat the ash mouth under the ash hopper. In addition, the power ofash hopper heating device is small and installation position isunreasonable, which is also the cause of ash blockage. Therefore,in the design of the ash bucket, the power and installationposition of the ash bucket heating device should be calculated onthe basis of fully considering the local temperature and ashdischarge form, and the preheating program of the ash bucket shouldbe added to the cloth bag start-up control; at the same time, asafe and reliable gas lock with good sealing performance should beselected, and the temperature protection of the ash bucket shouldbe strengthened.
(3) treatment of smoke from bag filter
Cloth bag filter if smoke or ash, are serious damage, should bedealt with in time. Generally speaking, there are two reasons forsmoke, one is due to the bag bag broken cloth dust collectorhanging up and down is not tight, the connection between theceiling and the ceiling is not tight. The other is instantaneoussmoke, encountered in this case is actually the dust bag broken butthe situation does not disperse is very serious. The efficiency issignificantly improved. If the dust bag is seriously damaged, thedust bag can be replaced. Stop the bag filter first, then turn offthe dust removal controller, open the entrance door, and remove thebag. When installing new dust bag, clean up the dust on theceiling.
(4) failure of anti blow ash cleaning system
The main faults of back-blowing ash cleaning system are:back-blowing solenoid valve does not move, compressed air pipelinewater and rotary mechanism jam. In addition, the ofback-blown compressed air (mainly water and dust) and the stabilityof power supply will affect the normal operation of the solenoidvalve. In winter, the outdoor compressed air pipeline is easy toaccumulate water or freeze because of the lower outdoor temperaturein the north. Therefore, the design of outdoor compressed airpipeline should design the drainage point and thermal insulationmeasures, especially in cold areas need to increase heat tracing.Because one part of the rotary mechanism operates in hightemperature flue gas and the other part operates at ambienttemperature, the temperature difference between the two parts islarge, which is easy to cause deformation and jam. Therefore,temperature factors should be fully considered in the design